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Imaginary Number Calculator

What Are Imaginary Numbers?

An imaginary number is any real number multiplied by the imaginary unit i , defined by the property i ² = −1. Imaginary numbers are a subset of complex numbers where the real part is zero. This calculator lets you perform all standard operations on complex numbers, including those that are purely imaginary.

Real component a in z₁ = a + bi

Imaginary component b in z₁ = a + bi

Real component c in z₂ = c + di

Imaginary component d in z₂ = c + di

Try an Example

Pick a scenario to see how the calculator works, then adjust the values

Signal Addition

Add two phasor signals in complex form to find the resultant.

Key values: z₁ = 3 + 4i · z₂ = 1 − 2i · Addition

Circuit Impedance

Divide two impedances to compute the transfer ratio.

Key values: z₁ = 3 + 4i · z₂ = 1 + 2i · Division

De Moivre Power

Raise a complex number to the 10th power using De Moivre's theorem.

Key values: z₁ = 1 + i · n = 10 · Power

Cube Roots of −8

Find all three cube roots of −8, visualized as equidistant points on a circle.

Key values: z₁ = −8 + 0i · n = 3 · nth Root

Documentation

This calculator is also known as Imaginary Number Calculator.

Read the complete guide

What Is an Imaginary Number?

An imaginary number has the form bi where b is a real number and i is the imaginary unit satisfying i² = −1. Combined with a real part, it forms a complex number a + bi. Imaginary numbers are essential in electrical engineering (where j is used instead of i), quantum mechanics, and signal processing.

Key Properties of i

The imaginary unit cycles through four values:

  • i¹ = i
  • i² = −1
  • i³ = −i
  • i⁴ = 1 (the cycle repeats)

Examples

Multiplying Purely Imaginary Numbers

What is (3i)(4i)?

(3i)(4i) = 12i² = 12(−1) = −12. The product of two purely imaginary numbers is a real number.

Key takeaway: Multiplying imaginary numbers follows the rule i² = −1, turning the product back into a real number.

Working with Imaginary Numbers

Key strategies for calculations involving i:

  • Remember the cycle: i, −1, −i, 1 repeats every 4 powers
  • Use polar form for powers and roots of imaginary numbers
  • In engineering contexts, j is used instead of i to avoid confusion with current

Frequently Asked Questions about Imaginary Number Calculator

What is an imaginary number?

An imaginary number is a number of the form bi where b is real and i² = −1. For example, 3i and −5i are imaginary numbers.

Is i the same as √(−1)?

While often written that way informally, i is more precisely defined by the property i² = −1. The square root notation is ambiguous in the complex numbers.

What is i²?

i² = −1. This is the defining property of the imaginary unit.

Specialized Calculators

Choose from 11 specialized versions of this calculator, each optimized for specific use cases and calculation methods.

Operation

11 Calculators
add
Complex Number Addition Calculator | Add Complex Numbers Online
Add two complex numbers with step-by-step results in rectangular and polar form.
additionbinaryvector-sum
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subtract
Complex Number Subtraction Calculator | Subtract Complex Numbers
Subtract two complex numbers with results in rectangular and polar form.
subtractionbinary
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multiply
Complex Number Multiplication Calculator | Multiply Complex Numbers
Multiply complex numbers using FOIL or polar form. See the rotation and scaling on the complex plane.
multiplicationrotationscaling
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divide
Complex Division Calculator | Divide Complex Numbers Step-by-Step
Divide complex numbers by multiplying by the conjugate. See the step-by-step rationalization.
divisionconjugaterationalize
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modulus
Complex Number Modulus Calculator | Absolute Value of Complex Number
Calculate the modulus (absolute value) |z| of any complex number.
modulusabsolute-valuemagnitude
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argument
Complex Number Argument Calculator | Phase Angle Calculator
Calculate the principal argument (phase angle) of any complex number using atan2.
argumentphaseangle+1
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conjugate
Complex Conjugate Calculator | Find the Conjugate of a Complex Number
Compute the complex conjugate and see the reflection on the Argand diagram.
conjugatereflection
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power
De Moivre's Theorem Calculator | Complex Number Powers
Compute z^n for any integer n using De Moivre's theorem with polar form.
powerde-moivreexponent
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nthRoot
nth Root of Complex Number Calculator | Find All Roots
Find all n distinct nth roots of a complex number, displayed as equally-spaced points on a circle.
nth-rootroots-of-unityroot-circle
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modulus
Complex Number Converter | Rectangular to Polar Form
Convert complex numbers between rectangular (a+bi) and polar (r\u2220\u03b8) form with step-by-step work.
converterrectangular-to-polarpolar-to-rectangular
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add
Phasor Calculator | AC Circuit Impedance Calculator
Perform phasor arithmetic for AC circuit analysis. Add, subtract, multiply, and divide impedances.
phasorimpedanceengineering+1
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